Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件

Cruise 2023年8月24日浏览：753

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图1

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Viciower/article/details/124848498

一、下载TinyXML

TinyXML download | SourceForge.net（链接：https://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/ ）

新建个Qt工程，下载TinyXML，把压缩包中的tinystr.h、tinystr.cpp、tinyxml.h、tinyxml.cpp、tinyxmlerror.cpp、tinyxmlparser.cpp添加到工程中

二、几个类

//文档类

TiXmlDocument* pDocument = new TiXmlDocument();

//声明类

TiXmlDeclaration* pDeclaration = new TiXmlDeclaration("1.0","UTF-8","");

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pDeclaration);

//注释类

TiXmlComment* pComment = new TiXmlComment();

pComment->SetValue("Person TinyXML" );

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pComment);

//元素类

TiXmlElement *pElement = new TiXmlElement("Person");

pElement->SetAttribute("index", 0); //属性

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pElement);

//文本类

TiXmlText *pText = new TiXmlText("name");

pElement->LinkEndChild(pText);

//保存

pDocument->SaveFile("test.xml");

执行上面的代码生成如下的XML文件，第一行是声明；第二行是注释；

第三行是元素类，index是属性，name是文本

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图2

三、增加

void MainWindow::addData()

{

TiXmlDocument* pDocument = new TiXmlDocument();

if(pDocument->LoadFile(m_fileName.toStdString().c_str())) //加载xml，test.xml存在时

{

//清空文件内容

pDocument->Clear();

}

//声明类

TiXmlDeclaration* pDeclaration = new TiXmlDeclaration("1.0","UTF-8","");

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pDeclaration);

//注释类

TiXmlComment* pComment = new TiXmlComment();

pComment->SetValue("Person TinyXML" );

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pComment);

//元素类

TiXmlElement *pRootLv1 = new TiXmlElement("Person"); //创建一个根结点

pDocument->LinkEndChild(pRootLv1);

//添加老师

addTeacher(pRootLv1);

//添加学生

addStudent(pRootLv1);

//保存

pDocument->SaveFile();

}

void MainWindow::addTeacher(TiXmlElement *pRoot)

{

TiXmlElement *pRootLv1 = new TiXmlElement("Teachers"); //创建一个节点

pRoot->LinkEndChild(pRootLv1); //链接到节点pRoot下

int index = 0;

addTeacherData(pRootLv1, index, "赵老师", 28);

index++;

addTeacherData(pRootLv1, index, "王老师", 29);

}

void MainWindow::addTeacherData(TiXmlElement *pRoot, int index, QString name, int age)

{

TiXmlElement *pRootLv1 = new TiXmlElement("Teacher"); //创建一个节点

pRoot->LinkEndChild(pRootLv1); //链接到节点pRoot下

pRootLv1->SetAttribute("index", index);

pRootLv1->SetAttribute("type", 0);

TiXmlElement *pRootLv21 = new TiXmlElement("name");

pRootLv1->LinkEndChild(pRootLv21);

TiXmlText *pText1 = new TiXmlText(name.toStdString().c_str());

pRootLv21->LinkEndChild(pText1);

TiXmlElement *pRootLv22 = new TiXmlElement("age");

pRootLv1->LinkEndChild(pRootLv22);

TiXmlText *pText2 = new TiXmlText(QString::number(age).toStdString().c_str());

pRootLv22->LinkEndChild(pText2);

}

void MainWindow::addStudent(TiXmlElement *pRoot)

{

TiXmlElement *pRootLv1 = new TiXmlElement("Students"); //创建一个节点

pRoot->LinkEndChild(pRootLv1); //链接到节点pRoot下

int index = 0;

addStudentData(pRootLv1, index, "张三", 18, 90.1);

index++;

addStudentData(pRootLv1, index, "李四", 19, 89.5);

index++;

addStudentData(pRootLv1, index, "王五", 17, 93);

}

void MainWindow::addStudentData(TiXmlElement *pRoot, int index, QString name, int age, double score)

{

TiXmlElement *pRootLv1 = new TiXmlElement("Student"); //创建一个节点

pRoot->LinkEndChild(pRootLv1); //链接到节点pRoot下

pRootLv1->SetAttribute("index", index);

pRootLv1->SetAttribute("type", 1);

TiXmlElement *pRootLv21 = new TiXmlElement("name");

pRootLv1->LinkEndChild(pRootLv21);

TiXmlText *pText1 = new TiXmlText(name.toStdString().c_str());

pRootLv21->LinkEndChild(pText1);

TiXmlElement *pRootLv22 = new TiXmlElement("age");

pRootLv1->LinkEndChild(pRootLv22);

TiXmlText *pText2 = new TiXmlText(QString::number(age).toStdString().c_str());

pRootLv22->LinkEndChild(pText2);

TiXmlElement *pRootLv23 = new TiXmlElement("score");

pRootLv1->LinkEndChild(pRootLv23);

TiXmlText *pText3 = new TiXmlText(QString::number(score).toStdString().c_str());

pRootLv23->LinkEndChild(pText3);

}

生成XML如下

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图3

四、遍历

void MainWindow::showData()

{

TiXmlDocument* pDocument = new TiXmlDocument();

if(!pDocument->LoadFile(m_fileName.toStdString().c_str())) //加载xml，test.xml不存在时

{

qDebug() << pDocument->ErrorDesc();

return;

}

//获取根节点值

TiXmlElement* pRootLv1 = pDocument->RootElement();

const char* elemValue = pRootLv1->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Person") != 0)

{

qDebug() << "Person error";

return;

}

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv2 = pRootLv1->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv2 != nullptr; pRootLv2 = pRootLv2->NextSiblingElement())

{

const char* elemValue = pRootLv2->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teachers") == 0)

{

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv3 = pRootLv2->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv3 != nullptr; pRootLv3 = pRootLv3->NextSiblingElement())

{

elemValue = pRootLv3->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teacher") == 0)

{

int index = 0;

//读取int属性用pRootLv4->QueryIntAttribute("属性名称", &value);

//读取double属性用pRootLv4->QueryDoubleAttribute("属性名称", &value);

//读取字符串属性用value = sublistElem->Attribute("属性名称");

pRootLv3->QueryIntAttribute("index", &index);

//读text

TiXmlElement* pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("name");

QString name = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("age");

QString ageStr = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

int age = ageStr.toInt();

qDebug() << "编号：" << index << " 姓名：" << name << " 年龄：" << age;

}

else if(strcmp(elemValue, "Students") == 0)

{

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv3 = pRootLv2->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv3 != nullptr; pRootLv3 = pRootLv3->NextSiblingElement())

{

elemValue = pRootLv3->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Student") == 0)

{

int index = 0;

pRootLv3->QueryIntAttribute("index", &index);

//读text

TiXmlElement* pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("name");

QString name = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("age");

QString ageStr = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

int age = ageStr.toInt();

pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("score");

QString scoreStr = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

double score = ageStr.toDouble();

qDebug() << "编号：" << index << " 姓名：" << name << " 年龄：" << age << " 成绩：" << score;

}

输出如下

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图4

五、修改

void MainWindow::changeData()

{

QString nameC = "王老师";

int ageC = 25;

TiXmlDocument* pDocument = new TiXmlDocument();

if(!pDocument->LoadFile(m_fileName.toStdString().c_str())) //加载xml，test.xml不存在时

{

qDebug() << pDocument->ErrorDesc();

return;

}

//获取根节点值

TiXmlElement* pRootLv1 = pDocument->RootElement();

const char* elemValue = pRootLv1->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Person") != 0)

{

qDebug() << "Person error";

return;

}

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv2 = pRootLv1->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv2 != nullptr; pRootLv2 = pRootLv2->NextSiblingElement())

{

const char* elemValue = pRootLv2->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teachers") == 0)

{

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv3 = pRootLv2->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv3 != nullptr; pRootLv3 = pRootLv3->NextSiblingElement())

{

elemValue = pRootLv3->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teacher") == 0)

{

//修改属性

// int index = 0;

// pRootLv3->SetAttribute("index", QString::number(index).toStdString().c_str());

TiXmlElement* pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("name");

QString name = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

if(name == nameC)

{

//修改text

pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("age");

pRootLv4->FirstChild()->SetValue(QString::number(ageC).toStdString().c_str());

}

pDocument->SaveFile();

}

王老师的age被更改为25

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图5

六、删除

void MainWindow::deleteData()

{

QString nameC = "王老师";

TiXmlDocument* pDocument = new TiXmlDocument();

if(!pDocument->LoadFile(m_fileName.toStdString().c_str())) //加载xml，test.xml不存在时

{

qDebug() << pDocument->ErrorDesc();

return;

}

//获取根节点值

TiXmlElement* pRootLv1 = pDocument->RootElement();

const char* elemValue = pRootLv1->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Person") != 0)

{

qDebug() << "Person error";

return;

}

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv2 = pRootLv1->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv2 != nullptr; pRootLv2 = pRootLv2->NextSiblingElement())

{

const char* elemValue = pRootLv2->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teachers") == 0)

{

for(TiXmlElement* pRootLv3 = pRootLv2->FirstChildElement();

pRootLv3 != nullptr; pRootLv3 = pRootLv3->NextSiblingElement())

{

elemValue = pRootLv3->Value();

if(strcmp(elemValue, "Teacher") == 0)

{

TiXmlElement* pRootLv4 = pRootLv3->FirstChildElement("name");

QString name = pRootLv4->FirstChild()->ToText()->Value();

if(name == nameC)

{

//删除子节点

pRootLv2->RemoveChild(pRootLv3);

}

pDocument->SaveFile();

}

王老师的信息被删除

Qt使用TinyXML访问XML文件的图6

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