庖丁看牛 ;掌握英语句子基本结构(动与静)

第1课 庖丁

——掌握句子基本结构(动与静)

1. Pre-task: 引入主题

(1) 指出英语语言是“重结构”的特点,因此语言表达要按照结构来说话;


让我们先来看看历史上那些经典的不重结构的中式英语:

Good good study, day day up.

You can you up, you can’t you leave.

People mountain, people sea.


(2) 由“庖丁解牛”的故事引出看句子内在结构的视角,希望大家做到“庖丁看牛”的境界。

(3)

汉语语序是:我拿起了这个价值10元钱的杯子。

而英语会依照自然动作的方式排列:我,动作的主体;拿起,主体做的动作;杯子,动作的作用对象;价值10元钱,自然只能放到“杯子”后面去,而且还要考虑是怎么连接回去的。

最后,英语表达就是这样:I pick up the glass that is worth 10 RMB.

(4)

动态结构,“主+谓语+宾语”;静态结构为“主+系动词+表”

动态结构,就是说句子当中描述的是“做了什么”,而静态结构,描述的是“特点、状态等”

举例说明:

我不会用英语表达我自己:(为动态结构)I cannot express myself in English.

他能吃能睡:(静态结构,表特点)He is a good eater and sleeper.

2. During-task:语言点精析

(1) 动态结构举例

例1:老师的话他从来一句也听不进去。

He has never listened to his teacher.

例2:她跳井自杀了。

She killed herself by jumping into the well.

例3:他们迟迟不肯开办那所新学校。

They have delayed opening the new school.

例4:我将尽力而为。

I will do whatever I can.

(2) 具体举例详细说明静态结构的表达:

例1:他睡觉睡得很死。

He is a heavy sleeper.

例2:我爷爷抽烟抽得很厉害。

My grandfather is a heavy smoker.

例3:Jack吃饭从不挑食。

Jack is never a picky eater.

例4:Tom平时喜欢逛各种博物馆。

Tom is normally a regular visitor to different kinds of museums.

例5:反向翻译练习:

You are what you eat.

一方水土养一方人。

3. Post-task: 结论总结,画龙点睛

4. Lets practice: 代表性例句分析、强化练习。

(1) 熟能生巧。

Practice makes perfect.

(2) 他没有早起的习惯。

He doesn’t have the habit of getting up early.

He is not in the habit of getting up early.

(3) 钱你不用还了。

You don’t have to pay it back.

(4) 马上骑着两个人。

Two people were riding on a horse.

(5) 你愿意帮助穷人吗?

Would you like to help the poor?

Do you want to help the poor?

Are you willing to help the poor?

(6) 玩手机通常会浪费我们的时间。

Playing with cell phones wastes our time.

It’s a waste of time for us to play with cell phones.

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