. The S4R element is a four-node, doubly curved shell element that accounts for finite membrane strains and allows for changes in element thickness. This element has six degrees of freedom at each node: three displacement components and three rotation components. The S4R element only has one integration point located at the centroid of the element. The cross-sectional behaviour of the S4R element, however, is integrated at five points through the thickness (Hibbitt et al. 1997). you can check other keywords.